![]() These responses included weak movement, exhaustion, collapsing, unusual rest on the floor, antennae erection, low flights which was a manifestation of stress on nervous system and fear for predation. gambiae to the ultrasound was characterized by excitation and immobility due to the pulsate nature of the acoustic energy. tormotus varied between 40.5 dB and 73.0 dB, characterized by dips and peaks. The maximum and minimum mean peak amplititudes were 85.42 Pa and 102.15 Pa respectively with most calls between 90-99 Pa. tormotus was composed of 583 pulsate calls with call duration ranging from 0.003s to 0.4167s. It was established the 35-60 kHz sound of O. tormota was conducted and the rate of mosquito activity and behavioral responses noted. gambiae exposed to the 35 kHz-60 kHz frequency range of the sound of O. A bioassay study involving 3-4 day old female A. gambiae to the ultrasound in the optimal frequency range were also dtermined and analysed. The activity and the behavioural response of the female A. tormotus, acoustic transmission parameters determined and analysed using Avisoft-SASLab Pro version 5.1 software and Raven Pro. In this study, the 30-60 kHz frequency band was filtered from the recorded sound of O. tormota reported to have the highest repellency to the female A. In view of this, this study examines and analyses the 30-60 kHz frequency band of the recorded sound of O. tormota evoked significant evasive responses in the female A. Recent studies have shown that ultrasound of O. The use of EMR in mosquito repellency has been reported to be ineffective. Mosquitoes and malaria causing organisms have also developed resistance to chemicals in use. Many Malaria preventive and control measures currently in use have had minimal impact in Africa. gambiae are the Malaria vectors seeking blood meal from humans for egg nourishment through bites. This ultrasound detectable by the female Anopheles gambiae antennae evoked evasive response due to neural stress and fear for predation. The Chinese frog, Odorrana tormota generates ultrasound naturally through vocal apparati. These results provide critical parameter essential in the study of mosquito repellence and design of a repellent device. tormota that fluctuated between 43 dB and 89 dB. leucas fluctuated between 36 dB and 56 dB less compared to the power in O. The pulsate signal power of the sound of D. tormota, the difference which was highly significant (p = 2.8975 x 10-6 0.05) from the energy possessed by O. leucas recorded a maximum value of 64.800kHz which was 25.500kHz above the maximum frequency (mean) of the sound of O. 846 > 0.05 determined at 95% confidence interval. There existed no significant difference between the fundamental frequencies of the sound of D. ![]() leucas was 1.684kHz, less by 3.712kHz from that of the new sound samples of O. The mean of the fundamental frequency (mean entire) of D. ![]() tormota showed presence of harmonics stretching to ultrasonic levels, frequency modulation (FM) and constant frequency (CF) modulation components in both. tormota to determine the acoustic propagation parameters through automatic parameter measurements. Fourier transform was performed on the spectrum of the sound of D. The Avisoft-SAS LAB Pro, Batsound and Raven Pro 1.5 software were used in conversion of sampling frequencies to 192kHz, appending sound clips, mixing sound clips and for data analysis. tormota was recorded by 702 digital recorder from the Huangshan Hot Springs, Anhui Province in China at a sampling frequency of 192 kHz. leucas was recorded by Wavshark system, C75 and the C55 hydrophone at a sampling frequency of 128 kHz while swimming in the tank of the Vanaqua. leucas and compared with the acoustic propagation parameters of the sound of O. This study determined and analysed the acoustic propagation parameters of the sounds of D. ![]() This being an indicator of the feasibility of using sounds in mosquito control, there was need to analyse the acoustic propagation parameters of the natural sounds of Delphinapterus leucas and Odorrana tormota which are fundamental in the startle of the female Anopheles gambiae. gambiae to animal sounds showed a 46% evasive response elicited by the 35-60 kHz recorded sound of O. Recent studies on the startle response of the African female A. Notwithstanding the many efforts directed towards the control of malaria, the rate at which the malaria cases and deaths are declining is yet to reach satisfactory levels hence the need for multipronged approaches in vector control. ![]() Malaria has been reported to be responsible for severe morbidity and mortality in Africa and the world causing substantial costs to both individuals and governments. The female Anopheles gambiae s.s transmits malaria to human beings through bites. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |